NETWORK TECHNOLOGY


Network Technology | Computer Networks Tutorial | Minigranth

Network Technology : Introduction

  • Network technology defines the concepts on which any network is structured. This concept can be applied on any network on the basis of:
    • Transmission.
    • Scale.
  • Further, network technology on the basis of transmission can be done using point to point and multipoint concept.
  • Data exchange and transmission can be done using network technology.
This image describes the categorization of network technology in computer networks on the basis of transmission and scale.
Network Technology : Computer Networks

Network Technology : On the Basis of Transmission

  1. Point-to-Point

    • When nodes(Sender & Receiver) are directly connected, Data transmission is done through a guided medium for wired network and through unguided medium for wireless medium.

    This image describes a simple point to point network technology.
    Point-to-Point : Network Technology

  2. Multi-Point

    • A number of nodes are directly connected through a common medium in a linear fashion. It is like a one device to many device data transmission mode.

      • This image describes a multi-point technology used in computer networks.
      Multi-point : Network Technology

    • Concept of multi-point transmission works on either Time sharing connection or Spatially shared connection. In Time sharing connection, each node is offered a separate slot of time to communicate. But in Spatially shared connection, all the nodes can communicate simultaneously at a time.

Network Technology : On the Basis of Scale

  1. Local Area Network(LAN)
    • Local area network, also known as IEEE 802 is a network that comprises of devices such as laptops, computer & mobiles connected together within a small range. The range is from 100m to 10KM.
    • Below mentioned table shows the properties of a local area network based upon its users, speed, range and error rate.

    This image describes the comparison table of LAN on the basis of users, speeds, range and error rate.
    LAN Comparison

    Elements of LAN
    • Peripheral Devices such as Scanners,Printers etc.
    • HUBs: A HUB is called the center of a network which is responsible for absorbing the signals and is intelligent enough to transmit the data packets from source to destination node.
    • Cables : Twisted Pair, Co-Axial cables and Optical Fibers. Optical Fiber is used as backbone cable because of its high bandwidth ability.
    • Computers or Nodes or PC or Host or Server or Workstation.
    • NIC : Network Interface Card.

  2. Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)
    • A network in which multiple Local Area Networks are combined together through a networking device called Bridge (Click To Know More..) forms a Metropolitan Area Network.

      • This image describes the MAN technology used in computer networks.
      MAN : Network Technology

  3. Wide Area Network(WAN)
    • A network in which multiple Metropolitan Area Networks are combined together through a networking device called Router (Click To Know More..) forms a Wide Area Network.

      • This image describes the WAN technology used in computer networks.
      WAN : Network Technology

      Types of WANs
      • Public Wan : It is handled by government departments.
      • Private Wan : It was developed by US Military Department, Defence wing called as ARPANET.

      Elements of WAN
      • Bridge : It is a device which is used for connecting similar or dissimilar LANs.
      • Router : It is a device which is used for connecting similar or dissimilar networks.
      • Gateway : It is a device used for connecting networks with different types of architectures. For Example : Communication between a mobile device having 4G connection and landline device having 2G connection can be done using gateway.

  4. Personal Area Network(PAN)
    • A network which is used for personal purpose and is created through Bluetooth or Wi-Fi to share data is called as Personal Area Network.
    • For Example : Bluetooth Network, Wi-Fi hotspot.

  5. Personal Area Network(PAN)
    • A virtual private network is a private network which is established virtually over the public network in order to communicate and transmit data from one node to another. A user having a virtual private network access can transmit data anonymously without limitations.

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